Global AI Governance Trends
- Few countries have enacted AI-specific laws: China, EU, Canada, Korea, Peru, and U.S.
- Some nations have draft bills awaiting approval (UK, Japan, Brazil, Costa Rica, Colombia, Pakistan).
- 85 countries + African Union have published National AI Strategies.
India’s AI Governance Approach
- No formal AI law or National AI Strategy but a mission-driven approach (IndiaAI Mission).
- NITI Aayog’s 2018 strategy remains unendorsed, without an implementation roadmap.
- IndiaAI Mission focuses on innovation, skill-building, and AI safety.
- Expert advisory group drafting governance recommendations, though adoption remains unclear.
Concerns in AI Adoption
No centralized governance framework, making AI oversight voluntary.
Risks include: bias, privacy breaches, cybersecurity threats, misinformation, and exclusionary practices.
Low public awareness of algorithmic use in banking, insurance, healthcare, education, and administration.
Lessons from Global AI Policies
- EU’s GDPR vs. China’s AI laws India might adopt a hybrid model.
- Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Act, 2023 centralized regulation similar to EU’s GDPR.
- China’s AI governance: sector-based laws for generative AI, deep synthesis, etc.
Way Forward for India
- Need for public discourseon AI’s ethical use, data provenance, cybersecurity, and labor market effects.
- AI policy as a short-term solution, allowing piloting of enforcement tools before formal legislation.
- AI strategy should define vision, infrastructure, ethical guidelines, and priority sectors.
